The Manhood of the First and the Last Adam: A Contrast between Adamic and Christo-centric Masculinity

The success of Adam’s stewardship was tied to God’s revelation.

From a peach tree no wider than a broom handle, my dad harvested over one hundred pounds of delicious fruit in one season. He took great pride in the fact that his careful pruning, cultivating, and fertilizing resulted in a bumper crop. Every man feels something of his original cultural calling in Adam. From the smallest cultivated fig tree to the hanging gardens of Babylon, there is a divinely intended satisfaction in fulfilling the mandate, “Subdue the earth” (Genesis 1:28).

In addition to working the ground, Adam was also commanded to rule over the creatures of the earth. Folks who live in the city may keep an aquarium of tropical fish or travel to Sea World to watch Shamu do flips for his squid dinner – both are related to man’s cultural calling to rule as stewards of God’s creation, including creatures (Psalm 8).

Adam’s rule was intended to bring about order unto fruitfulness for God’s glory. Adam’s kingship rule was on behalf of Another. Adam was to function as vice-regent and steward; God alone is eternal King and owner of all. Adam’s “covenant consciousness” meant that all he did in his working and ruling was to be dedicated to God. Adam as divine image-bearer, had the awareness that God had crowned him with incomparable dignity. Thus, Adam’s identity as divine image-bearer was inseparable from greatness of his task to reflect God’s attributes in all of life.

The increase in the state of order that Adam brought to the creation was to include the raising up of families and communities in which God was loved, honored, worshipped and obeyed. (Adam was to bring moral order through the knowledge of God and through the faithful proclamation of His revelation.) This would only take place if the truth of God’s revelation governed all of Adam’sinterpreting of his world. Adam’s covenant consciousness focused upon his design as vice-regent. He was made in God’s image, endowed with capacities, and appointed over the works of God’s hands; all for the purpose of showing forth the glory of his Maker (Isaiah 43:7). (For a discussion of Adam’s role as prophet, priest and king, see the book by G.I. Williamson, The Westminster Confession of Faith for Study Classes, P & R Publishing, 1978, pp. 44, 45.)

The adequacy of Adam’s unfallen manhood.

The first exercise of masculine strength on the planet was by Adam, our first father. Adam in paradise was strong, brilliant, tireless, creative and holy. He tended the garden in an un-cursed world without exhaustion, perspiration or resistance. His work was not opposed by fire, flood, hail, thistle or canker worm. Before the fall, he did not know failure. Frustration and suffering only came later with the entrance of sin.

In unfallen Adam we see man’s unblemished capacity to exercise lordship over the earth as God’s image-bearer. Adam’s dominion and cultural calling was both physical and spiritual. As a “king,” Adam stood as a representative of all of his descendants. As God’s appointed governor of creation, Adam’s obedience or disobedience would affect the moral direction of his descendants. Adam’s conduct under the probationary arrangement in the garden would also affect the direction of the physical creation.

With the entrance of sin came the forfeiture of Adam’s effortless kingship. The Fall shattered, but did not destroy man’s capacity as divine image-bearer. As men, our masculinity is related to Adam’s manhood, but our masculinity differs radically from Adam’s pre-fall experience of dominion. Adam’s descendants have a diminished masculinity---their strength has been weakened by the curse.

Since the Fall, man’s subduing of the earth is not carried out with the glory of God in view.

Fallen man faces toil, sweat and resistance in his labors (Gen 3:17-19). Man’s work motives have also been altered. The fall changed man’s heart -- he lost the motivation and sentiment to live for God’s glory. His power to carry out the physical aspect of the original Genesis mandate has been reduced, but not cancelled (Ps 8).

Man’s handiwork covers vast areas of the planet. With hands no larger than a saucer, men with the aid of their machines have built the sprawling metropolis, the supersonic rocket, the harbor filled with ships, and the burgeoning plantation.

Fallen man gladly embraces the physical aspects of the creation mandate – “be fruitful, rule, subdue.” Men have that desire to leave their mark, to make a difference, to carve out an empire however small. It is a masculine trait to seek to build something that will be a monument to one’s created kingship.

The desire to subdue the earth remains strong since the fall, but that desire has been sinfully distorted. Men subdue as a function of their independence from God. They do not dedicate their subduing to the Almighty. They use their subduing to feed their pride of life.

Man’s successes are contaminated by the lust of the flesh, the lust of the eyes and the boastful pride of life (1 John 2:16). This triad of lusts constitutes the love of the world. In the post-flood era, the residents of ancient Shinar resisted God’s command---they refused to move out of the Fertile Crescent in order to fill the earth. Their population center was experiencing the benefits of city life. The division of labor meant that food, clothing and shelter were readily available.

Due to the conveniences of city life, the pursuit of the basic needs took up less and less of their time. With goods and services readily available, discretionary time increased. The need to survive was eclipsed by the craving to build the tower of Babel.

As Scripture indicates, the intent of the builders was, “Let us make for ourselves a name; lest we be scattered abroad over the face of the whole earth” (Genesis 11:4b). Their plan was to make a towering work of their hands the source of their unity and identity. God “cancelled” the building project through the confusion of languages. The unfinished tower stood as a monument to their sinful pride of life.

Today, that same spirit of pride manifests itself in a plethora of versions of, “let us make for ourselves a name.” Subduing, building and ruling are not dedicated to God. The Adamic mandate (evidenced in man’s subduing, ruling and building) has been appropriated for self. Man’s conquest of the earth is evident in places other than the jetliner, the skyscraper and the farm. The sports and entertainment industries also provide an insight into man’s nature as a subduer.

 

Man as “subduer” has a penchant for contests.

The pastimes of fallen men have evolved into contests that showcase strength, skill and agility. The sports industry features, the Athlete of the Year, the Cy Young Award, hockey’s Stanley Cup,but it doesn’t stop there---the penchant for being the best runs the gamete from pie eating to bass tournaments.

When civilizations no longer had to face the threats of starvation and the Mongol hoards, pastimes took up ever larger chunks of time. In America, when the last cavalry outpost came down, the first baseball stadium went up. Men no longer brought home a four point buck for the next month’s venison – meat was shrink-wrapped in the store. Instead of stalking his prey in the woods, the husband put on a tie and took the subway to the office.

Physical pastimes and contests provided an exciting diversion from the mundane activities of industrialism. (Agrarian cultures are tied closely to the land, while industrialism tends to push man toward ever greater urbanization. Athletic activities utilize many of the same skills demonstrated by hunters and warriors: speed, cunning, strength etc.)

Sports turned out to be an invention to showcase the abilities of the athlete. Spectators so closely identified with their favorite teams that at times umpires were pummeled senseless because they made a questionable call.

Why do the turnstiles of the stadiums and arenas generate so many billion of dollars per year? Why are these rituals, games and contests such a driving force among men? Why are we so driven to measure ourselves, compete with ourselves, prove ourselves, and rate ourselves? Why can’t men relate without some form of score-keeping? Why are we so ready to heap adulation on the latest athlete to make the front of the Wheaties cereal box?

For the answer we must look again at the first man. In a single day, Adam went from planetary king to dying, struggling steward. Adam’s weakened kingship is felt by every man. We carry Adam’s failure in our own persons. We have inherited his sin and weakness.

From our first father a legacy of fallen strength has been passed down to us; a scourge of weakness hangs over us. When we consider our desire to subdue, rule and be fruitful, we are secretly haunted concerning our fitness and adequacy for the task. Our universal neurosis as men is, “Shall we be weighed in the scales and found wanting?”

There is a connection between our wondering if we measure up and our penchant for measuring ourselves (2 Corinthians 10:12). When we see athletes of our gender who by discipline, training, courage, guts, teamwork, and skill, excelling in their sport, it shores up our deepest fears about male adequacy. We take great vicarious satisfaction in the victories of our city’s team. When they have a winning record, we claim them vocally as our own. When they are in the cellar, we disown them and cast aspersion on them.

We take great hope in the prospect that by discipline and exertion we also may conquer weakness and succeed. Everybody loves a winner – we are filled with admiration for them. They have overcome the obstacles that stood in the way of victory. We want to touch them, shake their hand, boast in them, burn incense before them. We revel in the glory of an Adamic representative who excels in his sport. The Olympiad who wears the Stars and Stripes and takes home a gold medal gives us an inner glow of pride.

“Politically correct” football will never sell tickets. There will never be a stadium built where teams take turns watching the other side score. In this fallen world, obstacles and opposition are necessary in order to reveal excellence. Without a contest, excellence can’t be seen. When watching a great performance on the athletic field, there is something inside us that wants to scream, “That’s my guy making that play!”

Not only was man created to subdue and rule over, he was also created to be an enthusiastic spectator of excellence.

Man was created to be an enthusiastic spectator of excellence. Sin has not removed the desire of man to applaud excellence. But sin has changed the object of man’s focus in searching for excellence. When man broke faith with God, his enthusiastic spectatorship went elsewhere. He no longer “cheered” the God who made the heavens, he worshipped and served the creation and the creature. Man was created to worship, and worship he must. He worships every day – if he is not worshipping the One true God, of necessity, by default of sin, he will be worshipping and serving the creation (Rom 1:25).

Man ceased to believe that the knowledge of God was the highest possible glory that he could experience (Jer. 9:23, 24). Humans chose to live for the glory of man instead of the glory of God (John 5:44; 12:43). (It is abundantly clear in Scripture that the works, wonders, and ways of God are more than sufficient to eternally captivate the heart of man. But, it is only salvation in Christ that can restore man’s capacity to glory in God’s excellence.

The believer tastes only a fraction of what he will in glory. In this life, when the Christian experiences times where he is lost in wonder, love and praise, it is but a foretaste of what is to come.)

The philosophies of this world promote the denial of Adam’s brokenness (Col 2:8).

The whole concept that man may recover his kingship by athleticism, wealth and influence is not new. It followed closely on the heels of Adam’s fall. From the beginning, sinful man has looked for a “mirror” to reflect back some rays of that unbroken Adamic virility. Deep within us is a veritable lust for the perfect adequacy and masculinity of our ancient first father. (After immense portions of the earth were subdued, man had to look elsewhere for venues to showcase his powers.)

Adam’s remarkable potential and capacity for planetary kingship is the “golden fleece” that eludes us. We’ve inherited a mandate for kingship, but by reason of the fall, a broken scepter as well.

The natural man searches for reassurances that his case is not terminal. False religion is the great “theater” for his self-deception. He entertains the optimism that his Adamic wound is not fatal. He comforts himself with the thought that he is not beyond the reach of self-improvement. (In effect, he is embracing a theology that says, “Adam’s wound is not my wound, Adam’s dereliction is not my dereliction, my deficits can be repaired. I will prove my adequacy.”)

Like the males of the Noah’s time, we are still drawn to the “men of renown” (Genesis 4:23,24; 6:4; 10:9 ).

The defiant speech given by Lamech in Genesis 4:23,24 could be taken from a comic book hero or a Hollywood movie. The principle behind it is timeless – “by an arm of flesh, I shall vindicate myself, vanquish my foes, and be the master of my fate.” Like Lamech of ancient times, modern men choose earthy, demonic ambition and bravado to deal with their dereliction. This is the “wisdom from below” spoken of by James (James 3:13-18).

We have our own Nimrods today who receive our esteem. Instead of a bow and a spear with a room full of hunting trophies, they drive red Ferraris. Their deeds of strength are witnessed by hosts of viewers by way of televised instant replays. The hunger of the spectator to applaud excellence generates their 30 million dollar sports contracts.

The principle is the same. We thrive upon the glory of our heroes, we feed upon the notion of men of renown. They give us the optimism that we may patch up Adam’s broken kingship. We can bask in the glory of heroes and believe (falsely) that the race is not in a state of ruin. History gives many versions of this theme. The Greeks had their ideal man; orators, philosopher kings, and Olympic athletes with near perfect bodies. The Romans had their military heroes, their gladiatorial victors, and their statues of gods who looked human.

The world’s method of “proving and recovering” Adamic strength is diametrically opposed to God’s plan in the cross of Christ.

The subduing that has been done since the fall of man is distorted and perverted by sin. Men build with a view to constructing monuments to their own strength, wealth, and cleverness. It’s the hard work done by the arm of flesh that receives the glory.

Men want to see Adam’s kingship restored by way of a hero---a philosopher king, an Olympiad, or a mighty warrior. We want a hero who reaches down inside, draws upon his power, and overcomes his owns weakness.

Here is one of the key reasons why the cross of Jesus is such a scandal to men. The cross is an offense because of its abject weakness. For in the spectacle of the cross, we see a victim perishing in weakness, shame, ignominy, and dereliction.

In the cross is the apparent triumph of evil over good – pacifism in the face of injustice and wickedness. Such ignominy scandalizes the human intellect (1 Cor. 1:18-25). The cross is not merely unappealing to human wisdom, it is repulsive to carnal reason.

The Apostle Paul reminded his Corinthian readers that the power of the message of the cross is stipulated upon a proclamation unadorned by human wisdom. Faithfulness in our preaching means that the offense of the cross must be retained in our message (1 Cor. 1:18, 23; 2:4, 5). The natural man cannot bear the message that Adam’s race is slated for demolition.

The cross of Christ is both the judgment upon Adamic ruin and the means of rescue from ruin.

The news is far too humbling that Adam’s progeny is beyond repair and renovation. So comprehensive is man’s ruin by sin, that an entire “re-creation,” or new creation is the only remedy that can avail (2 Cor 5:17).

The theology of the cross is repulsive to natural wisdom for the very reason that it cancels out the possibility of improvement of the Adamic nature. The cross condemns the Adamic nature, judges it, calls for its legal prosecution, and slays it at Calvary (Rom 6:1-11).

The descendants of Adam are yet looking for dynamic leaders who will “lift” the race to new heights. But in their looking, they passed by the Son of God; they crucified the Lord of Glory (1 Cor 2:8). He was the “stone” examined by the builders and found unfit to build upon. The builders “stumbled over” the very One appointed by God to recover Adam’s race from ruin (1 Pet 2:6-8).

In the incarnation, Christ assumed a weakened human nature.

When the Son of God began His public ministry, there was little about Him that made Him desirable by appearance (Is 53:2, 3). He did not exhibit the stately and mighty physical attributes of a Saul or a Nimrod.

In essence, He possessed no more of the Adamic exponents of strength than the average man.

Though He was God very God, He was born under the curse with a weakened human nature capable of exhaustion, suffering, and death. This is part of the paradox of the cross; that the Creator of the universe should come to earth as a human being physically weaker than unfallen Adam (2 Cor 13:4).

But here is God’s wisdom towering over the natural man’s intellect. Christ’s act of submission to Father, His voluntary obedience unto death, His willingness to undergo radical weakness and helplessness on Calvary, was the appointed means to deliver Adam’s race.

The thinking of the world is antagonistic to God’s way of recovering the descendants of Adam. Sovereign grace is too mortifying to Adamic pride. For in God’s gracious covenant, Christ assumes the sinner’s liabilities and meets the conditions necessary for reconciliation and divine favor.

The unbeliever is not ready to be brought so low. For the natural man, the world is a “playing field” to demonstrate the remnants of Adamic strength. At that very juncture, the theology of the cross collides head on with the world’s carnal wisdom. The work of Christ makes it clear that trust in human strength and striving cannot raise man out of his present state of ruin. The N.T. proclamation that “power is perfected in weakness” is anathema to the Adamic nature (2 Cor 12:9).

The cross of Christ stands as a monument to God’s justice. It declares that Adam’s race deserves to die. The cross admonishes all who dare to deny that Adam’s case is terminal.

All that God is now doing is through the Last Adam (Col 1:15-20).

No natural descendant of Adam shall reclaim his kingship by the use of the world. God in Christ has closed up and condemned that avenue. God has installed His Son as eternal King (Ps 2). Christ is the King of all creation (Col 1:16-18; Phil 2:9-11). His pathway to the throne was by way of obedience and submission to the Father. This is the only path to kingship that God recognizes. All that Adam lost, and more, is being restored through Christ’s obedience.

But the world is blinded to the truth of the gospel of Christ and to the cosmic implications of Christ’s reign as King (2 Cor 4:1-6). In their blinded state, the subduing done by sinners is contaminated by demonic ambition (James 3:14-16). Therefore, it cannot glorify God or advance His kingdom. All of the mighty accomplishments of men will be set ablaze in an instant (2 Pet 3:10). The subduing that is done under Adam’s headship is temporal and combustible. Its motive is too closely tied to the worship of the creature.

Only those who own Christ as their King have a restored kingship. Natural men are yet accountable stewards of the earth, but they are not kings in heaven’s sight. Only the redeemed comprise a nation of royal priests (Rev 1:6; 1 Pet 2:9).

Christ, as the Last Adam, is making a new order of men and women after His own likeness.

Though we labor under the curse and feel our weakness intensely, we who know the Savior are priests and kings before God (Rev 1:6). The elect constitute a new race with a new Head. Christ, our “Head,” is the Champion who has vanquished Satan and overcome the world. We as His people participate in the benefits of His mighty conquests.

Our chief work now is kingdom work. As those called of God, we have a higher priority than clearing brush and taming beasts. We are seeking first His kingdom and His righteousness (Matt 6:33). We are tearing down bastions and fortresses of error and lies. By means of His weapons, we, as His co-laborers, are advancing His kingdom (2 Cor 10:3-6).

We are building upon the foundation of the Last Adam. He has appointed us to bear fruit and have that fruit remain. Only these works which are done under the command of the Last Adam remain unto eternity (1 Cor 3:6-15).

Overcoming has replaced subduing as the first priority of the people of God (1 Jn 5:4, 5). The first Adam kept the garden and ruled over the works of God’s hands. Through the input of order and nurture, Adam encouraged the earth’s fruitfulness.

Now the people who are the seed of the Last Adam are bringing about spiritual order unto fruitfulness. By taking the light of the gospel into a darkened and sinful world, obedience to God is displacing the spiritual disorder of ignorance and rebellion. In such a way, the kingdom of God is advanced (Col 1:12-14).

Everything done by man that is temporary is done in the strength of the first Adam. Everything that is permanent is done in the strength of the Last Adam.

For the redeemed man, both present identity and future destiny are completely wrapped up in the Last Adam. The Christian looks at Christ to see what his own identity is. He looks at Christ in order to see what he is becoming. And he looks at Christ to see what he will be (see Heb 2:9, 10; Rom 8:29).

Jesus Christ is the “Architect” of the new man. He is the Author of the new man. God cannot possibly bless us any more than by making us like His Son in holiness and in incorruptibility. It is the height of grace to be made like Christ. It is to be eternally blissful. It is to gain the capacity to enjoy God perfectly. It is to be mighty in love and power.

On the side of our experience, tearing loose from the remnants of Adamic strength and passions is traumatic. C. S. Lewis likened the process to little soldiers of tin being slowly turned into living breathing entities of flesh and bone. “With every change that comes, that works true life in them, the little soldiers whine and whimper at the pain and discomfort.” The elect of God are predestined unto conformity to the Son of God (Eph 1:4). Though God has initiated the work of making us like the Son of God in holiness (Phil 1:6), we are not passive in the process. God commands us to put on the behaviors of the new man (Col 3:8ff.; Eph 4:22ff.).

The Last Adam is the source of the new man. Christ is the template, the contractor, the goal, and the fashioner of the new man (Col 3:10). He is the Author and finisher of our faith, but He is also the Forerunner. He paved the way for us so that someday we might be where He is now---dwelling in the very presence of God. In His glorified humanity, He is the model of what we will be in resurrection holiness and power (Heb 6:20; 1 Jn 3:2; Phil 3:21).

When we were spiritually dead in the first Adam, we blindly boasted of an adequacy and a completeness that flowed from ourselves. All of this has changed for those who are in the Last Adam. God’s work, the work that remains, God’s kingdom work cannot be done with the strength inherent in an arm of flesh. It cannot be accomplished by means of the wisdom with which we were born.

The new race created anew after the Last Adam is to understand that apart from Christ, they can “do nothing” (Jn 15:5). From the context in John 15 it may be asserted that the believer is utterly dependent upon Christ for the power necessary to bear spiritual fruit. We can do “nothing” by way of a spiritual work apart from organic union with Christ.

In Christ there is an entirely new source of personal adequacy.

Those who are of the first Adam live to prove their personal adequacyFor the new man in Christ, there is a looking away from self as the source of adequacy. Paul affirms God as the only source of adequacy for kingdom work, “Not that we are adequate in ourselves to consider anything as coming from ourselves, but our adequacy is from God, who also made us adequate as servants of a new covenant…” (2 Cor 3:5, 6a).

Utter dependency upon Christ, the Last Adam, is a principle that is in direct conflict with Adamic pride. The principle of the death to the Adamic man is the principle of the cross applied. It is a dynamic that is present in all true Christian ministry. Paul declares, “But we have this treasure in earthen vessels, that the surpassing greatness of the power may be of God and not from ourselves…” (2 Cor 4:7). 

The Apostle recognized that the pride of man is quick to glory in a person. God, in His wisdom, is able to emphasize the “earthen” nature of human flesh in order that all the glory might go to God and not to the messenger.

The “treasure” (the spiritual life and truth contained in the earthen vessel, God’s messenger) is solely from God. The problem is that men worship and serve the creature and the creation. In so doing they discount the unseen God of all power and instead esteem a sinful man who stands in front of them.

The cross judges all that we were in Adam in order that Christ may be all in all.

In order that God may receive all of the credit, says Paul, “[we are] always carrying about in the body the dying of Jesus, that the life of Jesus also may be constantly manifested in our body” (2 Cor 4:10). Paul equated the value of his own suffering with the necessity of having “the life of Jesus manifested in his mortal flesh” (4:11). What a radical contrast this is from the Adamic tendency to glory in a super-hero.

The cross is continually applied to the saved descendant of Adam until death. The cross puts to death what we were in Adam. Paul looked to his “co-crucifixion” with Christ for the power to subdue sin (Gal 2:20; 5:24; Rom 6:6).

The cross is the source of the believer’s victory. It severs him from any legal attachment to Adam and it attaches him to Christ in an eternal, living, and fruitful union (Rom 6:5-9; 7;4). (Paul also attributed his severance from, or “crucifixion to the world,” to the power of the cross – Gal 6:14).

In Adam, we were always searching for completeness. Like a man running to and fro with a puzzle piece, we ransacked the world in an effort to find some combination of things that would complete us.

Before we were “crucified to the world,” we saw the world as our workshop. We exercised a misinformed optimism that the world could provide the source of our completeness. We typified the “earthy man” described by Paul in 1 Corinthians 15:47, 48. The “earthy man” materialized all of his soul’s needs and took them to the offerings of “Vanity Fair” (“Vanity Fair” was Bunyan’s allegorical title in Pilgrim’s Progress for the lusts of this world.)

The new man has completeness by reason of his union with Christ.

The Christian has been crucified to the world as a source of completeness. The believer’s completeness is in Christ (Col 2:10). In Christ the saint is given a restored stewardship that is spiritual now, and someday, in the Messianic age, physical as well (Rev 2:26; 3:21). Because of completeness in Christ, the believer will someday participate in the liberation of all of creation from the bondage of corruption (Rom 8:18-25).

The new man is “constructed” around Christ. He does not have, nor will he ever have, a completeness that is autonomous from Christ. Adamic man makes a futile attempt to find that completeness by looking to himself and to the world. The new man will never lack completeness. Paul’s logic in 1 Corinthians 15 is flawless: The empty tomb proves that our “Man in heaven” will share His heavenly image with those who are in union with Him. “And just as we have borne the image of the earthy, we shall also bear the image of the heavenly [man]” (1 Cor 15:49). (See Paul’s argument in 15:35-46. In establishing proof that there is a resurrection body for believers, Paul appeals to Christ’s glorified existence. Christ’s resurrection glory followed His mortal existence on earth. The same glorious change awaits believers.)

In this very context, Christ is referred to as the “last Adam.” Christ is the “second man.” As the last Adam, He is the “second” founder of a race of men -- spiritual men (1 Cor 15:47, 48). These “spiritual” men, by virtue of their completeness in Christ, will most assuredly bear the image of the Man who came from heaven (15:49, 50).

If the cross contains God’s verdict concerning the Adamic man, then the empty tomb speaks of God’s promise of glory for the new man. The cross puts the destinies of Adamic man and the new man into sharp contrast and bold relief. The man who exercises faith in God’s Word apprehends this contrast with ever-increasing clarity.

The godly man understands the times. He sees that we live in a culture that is dead set on making us forget the contrast. Our culture is enamored with what remains of Adam’s glory. Youthfulness, strength and beauty are worshipped in our land. The media woos the next generation of youth by selling the promise of Adamic prowess. From Barbies to Masters of the Universe, it is the gilding of Adamic exponents.

Muscle-bound action figures fill the shelves of toy stores. These plastic Nimrods give our youngsters what they crave; the fantasy of possessing perfect adequacy. King Saul of ancient Israel was head and shoulders above his countrymen. He was a courageous warrior and a handsome leader. But God brought the people’s choice (Saul) into bold contrast with His choice in a king.

David was God’s choice. He did not possess the Adamic exponents of Saul, but David was a man after God’s own heart. Like David, the new man has a passion for God’s glory. As Christian men, can we follow Christ as His disciples and be captivated by Adamic exploits at the same time? If we attempt to do both, we will cast a cloud over the hope of glory that is to animate our affections.

We will fall short of Paul’s single focus to answer the upward call (Phil 3:14). Let us pursue a united heart and follow the Apostle’s example. Paul saw the destiny of the new man so clearly that he did not resent the “tarnishing” of what remained of the Adamic man in him, “Therefore we do not lose heart, though our outer man is decaying, yet our inner man is being renewed day by day” (2 Cor 4:16; Rom 8:10).

This present age assaults us with the Adamic value system – a system that espouses personal adequacy by the use of world. With that corrupt value system comes the concealment of the fact that the first Adam’s act of disobedience inaugurated the reign of sin and death (Rom 5:17-21). Let us remember that because of Christ’s act of obedience, we have been made righteous, we have been brought into the sphere of abounding grace (Rom 5:18-20).

Our pride centers around the Adamic man and his capacity. Let us hold fast enough to Christ that we might release that pride and make Paul’s formula our own. “When I am weak [in myself], then I am strong [in Christ].”

Because of the last Adam’s act of obedience, we are presently priests and kings “in training.” The consummation will come about after our brief journey. Christ’s resurrection is the warranty of the new man’s future existence.

As we strive to remain upon the narrow path for one more week, let us look up by faith at our Man in glory and contemplate the destiny of the new man (Heb 2:5-9ff.).

 

 

The Source of the Godly Man’s Courage (or, “When Silence is Sin and Zeal is Golden”)

As a relatively young believer in my late twenties, I pulled a title of the shelf in a Boston bookstore. The Title read, Creative Aggression, Why Nice Guys Finish Sick. The second line really stuck in my craw. The book was graphically addressing passivity in men.

Though the work was of a secular origin, I found that page after page convicted and pierced me concerning my passivity in relationships. After a thorough reading, I set the book down, recalling the countless times I had swallowed back my convictions and played the part of a chameleon for the sake of “harmony.”

God used that little book from the Boston store to drive me back into the Word with a renewed mission. The realization that God had called me and appointed me to speak the truth in love burst on my consciousness. I could no longer escape the fact that as a child of God, the Lord had issued me the Sword of Truth. In the past, I had been too willing to abdicate that responsibility of speaking God’s truth whenever risk of offense was involved.

It’s Impossible to be a Man of God and at the same time have a Casual Relationship to God’s Truth (Joshua 1:8).

Now the divine mandate, for men especially, to speak God’s truth became undeniably clear. In passages such as Deuteronomy 6 and Psalm 78, it was evident that the role of the believing man is that of a perpetual “truth speaker.” Sadly in countless Christian homes, this God-given mandate of speaking God’s truth is ignored and relegated to the job of the pastor.

In Christ, our spiritual manhood is restored so that we function as a prophet (teacher), a priest (intercessor), and a king (protector). This three-fold role for the man can only be fulfilled if he majors in God’s truth. For the godly man teaches, intercedes, and protects by means of divine truth.

When the truth, backed up by a godly life, is ministered, it heals, feeds, corrects, equips, preserves, builds up, and establishes the listener. The godly man understands that the spiritual state of those in his sphere depends upon his willingness to speak God’s truth. He must come to the point where he can tell himself, “I am not loving these people around me properly unless I am willing to speak God’s truth to them!”

When we examine the example of the O.T. Prophets and the example of Jesus and the Apostles, it is obvious that their truth speaking was pointed – it was not general, but filled with penetrating application for their listeners. It is at this juncture that our courage is most likely to fail. We fear being the “heavy,” a meddler, or regarded as judgmental, or “holier than thou.”

What enabled men like Elihu, Elijah, Daniel, and Phinehas to fearlessly speak the truth when they were a minority of one? The answer lies in their zeal for God’s honor and glory. They knew that all of history is but a record of the honoring and dishonoring of God, and that only those who honor God will ultimately stand (1 Sam 2:30).

The man who is willing to risk misunderstanding and rejection for the sake of the truth also knows that the proclamation of God’s truth always involves a crossroads, or turning point. God commands repentance from those who hear His truth. There must be ongoing repentance through which our affections and will are repeatedly conformed to God’s truth. The progress and spiritual well-being of ourselves and our listeners are bound up in ongoing repentance. The better we understand this, the more willing we will be to speak God’s truth without fear.

In order for a man to excel at speaking the truth, he must be accomplished at using the Sword of Truth on himself (1 Tim 4:15, 16).

Men who can wield the Sword of Truth are animated by God’s truth – they desire God’s truth in their innermost being (Ps 51:6). The godly man rejects the notion that truth for the believer need not rise above mental assent. God’s truth has no power over a person unless the truth is loved (see The Religious Affections, by Jonathan Edwards).

Where God’s truth is loved, it will be central in our conversations (Zech 8:16; Mal 3:16; Deut 6:4-9; 11:18 19). Only when God’s truth is loved can it dominate exceptionally in our lives so as to renew us and transform us (Rom 12:1, 2). The man of God ultimately can only preach with conviction what he has first preached to his own heart. He can only call for repentance only where the truth has produced repentance in his own life.

Truth in the Inner Man Equips the Man to Speak (Ps 145).

What must be uttered from the mountain tops must begin in the heart. We could refer to this as theprinciple of the enlarged sphere. There is a logical progression in the enlargement of a man’s sphere of spiritual influence. Each step of progression is stipulated on faithfulness in the previous step: 1.) The godly man speaks truth in his own heart. He loves the truth in the inner man. He applies the truth to himself in ongoing repentance. 2.) The man of God speaks truth in his home; he faithfully fulfills his role of prophet, priest, and king. 3.) The spiritual man speaks truth in the Body of Christ. He exercises his gifts for the edification of the body. He is able to admonish his fellow believer (Rom 15:14). 4.) He speaks the truth of the Gospel with boldness to a lost and dying generation.

Power in evangelism must be built upon the principle of the enlarged sphere. For each step not only prepares a man for the next step, but reveals the man’s own relationship to the truth.

The Godly Man will not have “Conflict Avoidance” as his Controlling Motive (2 Tim 3:12).

“Jesus promised those who would follow Him only three things. . .that they would be absurdly happy, entirely fearless, and always in trouble” (Gregg Levoy).

How can a Christian man develop enough courage and boldness to stand upon, and speak his convictions without fear of consequences? An important part of the answer to this question deals with an inescapable reality taught in Scripture -- the godly man will be misunderstood. It is par for the course. It follows therefore that progress in our journey toward godly courage is bound up in accepting the reality that we will face misunderstanding and rejection because of the truth.

The Scriptures make it clear that all those who desire to live godly in Christ Jesus will be persecuted (2 Tim 3:12). Jesus prepared His followers for persecution by imbuing them with the fact that they should expect the same mistreatment that He experienced (Jn 15:18-16:4). (Though we live in a land that protects the rights of believers, obedient Christians who stand in the truth will frequently experience rejection, ostracism, and discrimination. Our perspective amidst mistreatment must embrace the following truth. It is an inestimable privilege to have the antipathy meant for Christ fall upon us – John 7:7; Acts 5:41; Col 1:24).

The fear of man brings a snare (Prov 29:25).

The fear of God and the fear of man have always been, not only incompatible, but inversely proportional to one another. The greater fear of God a man has, the less he will fear men. When by God’s grace a man answers the call of true discipleship, his fear of man will be overtaken and ultimately consumed by the fear of God.

During His earthly ministry, Jesus faced “wanna be” followers who remained in bondage to the fear of man. John 12:42, 43 provides an authoritative record of these double minded individuals.“Nevertheless many even of the rulers believed in Him, but because of the Pharisees they were not confessing Him, lest they should be put out of the synagogue; for they loved the approval of men rather than the approval of God.”

Some might be quick to excuse the desire for human approval as simply a natural tendency in men that is not a serious sin. Jesus places this illicit craving under the spotlight in John 5:44. In this passage He warns that the fear of man is so serious, it can keep a person from living to the glory of God. “How can you believe, when you receive glory from one another, and do not seek the glory that is from the one and only God?”

Again, lest we excuse this sin, let us remember that Jesus reserved one of His “Woes” for the sin of man-pleasing. “Woe to you when all men speak well of you, for in the same way their fathers used to treat the false prophets” (Luke 6:26).

Jesus puts this issue into sharp relief – if we live for the praise and approval of men, we are not living for the glory of God.

 

APPLICATION: We must repent of our “addiction” to the approval of men. We must admit to God that we have placed the praise of men above the approval of our Heavenly Father. We need to confess that our narcissistic desire to be liked by all has often stolen our courage to speak the truth in love.

The Greater our Ambition to Please Christ, the more Courage we will have (2 Cor 5:9).

The ambition to please our Lord is filled with the eschatological hope of favorably greeting Him at His imminent return. Courage is a byproduct of living to please Christ. When Christ’s approval towers over all other sources of approval, courage becomes second nature.

Those who live to please Christ have the judgment seat of Christ etched on their consciousness (2 Cor 5:9, 10). In essence, living to please Christ is a measure of our fear of God.

Those who live for Christ’s approval are continually weighing the glory to come against temporal losses (2 Cor 4:17, 18). As a consequence, their value system is constantly adjusted to heaven’s standard.

This fact alone enables us to see how impotent our fellow creatures are when they attempt to rightly appraise us (1 Cor 4:3, 4). Spurgeon hit the bull’s eye when he said, “Compared to what my heavenly Father thinks of me, the opinions of men are like so many chirping sparrows.”

 

APPLICATION: The one we strive most to please will necessarily be our primary evaluator. In other words, the one we seek to please will always wind up evaluating our efforts at pleasing them. In effect, we are somewhat suspended upon their approval or disapproval of us.

God has an incredibly liberating solution to this problem. Not only are we to make sure that all we do is in done in love (1 Cor 16:14), but we are to do all to the glory of God (1 Cor 10:31). Paul argues that our pleasing of men must spring from the goal not of seeking our own profit, but from the motive of seeking the other person’s eternal welfare (1 Cor 10:32, 33). This perspective places all of our relationships under the eye of Christ’s scrutiny. The point is we are most free and obedient when our actions are “as for the Lord rather than for men” (Col 3:22-24).

The more we regard Christ to be our “Source Person,” the more Courage we will have.

The more our hope and expectations are consolidated in Christ, the more we will be delivered from the fear and worship of the creature. The love and approval of men is incredibly fickle. Christ alone loves us with immutable love. Frequently the love shown by our fellows seldom rises above self interest. Most commonly, the love of the creature is not a supernatural love that is mediated by Christ. Instead it is a natural love that goes no higher than the perceived virtue of its object. Our fellow creatures cannot answer our deepest needs.

Fellow sinners do not carry our worth, security, and dignity. When we mistakenly assume they do, our courage dries up. Christ alone is our “Source Person.” He alone deserves to be regarded as the unfailing channel of every resource we need. By union with Him, we have a status before God of favor, righteousness, security, and sonship (1 Cor 1:30).

Our Lord is a jealous lover, when we attribute too much ability to the creature to serve as a source to us, God may allow us to experience deep disappointment. At times the Lord even orchestrates our disillusionment that we might understand that He alone is Source. We can all recall times in which the nurture, praise, and resources heaped upon us by a fellow creature proved in the end to flow from mercenary motives.

 

APPLICATION: Paul asserts that Christ is the believer’s life (Gal 2:20; Col 3:4). To the degree that we cast our entire lot in with Christ so that He is regarded as the entire support of the soul we will have courage. If our persons are propped up upon corruptible, mutable supports, we will lack courage. When our well being is leveraged upon the creature, we shy away from taking the risk of boldly declaring the truth of God’s Word.

Courage is the result of habitual dependency upon the Lord. The less dependent I am upon the creature, the more courage I will have to speak the truth to my fellow man. (EXAMPLE: Daniel was ostensibly dependent upon Belshazzar for employment and political freedom. Yet due to Daniel’s conviction that God was the sole, sovereign source of his care, provision, and protection, the prophet was not afraid to rebuke the monarch to his face (Dan 5:22, 23).

The More Reverence we have for God Entrusting us with His Word, the Greater our Courage will be to Speak it (Jer 23:28, 29).

God has made us His ambassadors. Knowing the fear of the Lord, we persuade men (2 Cor 5:11). The Apostle Paul saw his role as a proclaimer of the Word of God to be a sacred trust that carried massive accountability. What is striking about Paul’s testimony in Acts 20 is that his faithfulness was joined to the fact that he was never mute when God required him to speak the Word.“Therefore I testify to you this day, that I am innocent of the blood of all men. For I did not shrink from declaring to you the whole purpose of God” (Acts 20:26, 27).

Man’s need is beyond human agency. As redeemed men, we carry in our hearts and hands the divine solution to man’s ruinous problem. We are armed with the living and abiding Word of God (Heb 4:12).

Paul solemnly charged Timothy in the presence of God to “Preach the Word; be ready in season and out of season; reprove, rebuke, exhort, with great patience and instruction” (2 Tim 4:1, 2).

Timothy was to see his task of proclaiming the Word as nothing less than the very means of insuring the salvation of his listeners (1 Tim 4:16). Paul repeatedly warned Timothy against the error of allowing timidity and neglect to interfere with his sacred charge of teaching, preaching, and exhorting.

 

APPLICATION: As Christian men we have been entrusted by God with His almighty, living, sword of truth. We’ve seen from Paul’s letters to Timothy that this sword of truth must not be allowed to remain unused like a stainless steel blade stuck in a rusty scabbard. Those in our sphere; family, neighbors, co-workers, friends, are in need of hearing the Word of truth from us. As with Timothy’s congregation, God has strategically placed us in a position to speak the truth to those around us. The means God intends to use in their salvation and sanctification is tied to our faithfulness in speaking the Word with courage.

When considering how God had entrusted him with the Gospel, Paul saw himself as a debtor to both Jews and Greeks (Rom 1:14). This same principle of obligation applies to us. The Lord has called us to skillfully and courageously use the “sword” issued to us in order to encourage, reprove, exhort, instruct, equip and admonish. It will take courage to swing the sword in each of these arcs and orbs of application, but God expects nothing less from us as Christian men.

The more highly we Esteem our Justification in Christ, the more Courage we will have to speak the Word.

Salvation involves “moral trust” in God. Saving faith involves the consent to cast the whole welfare of the soul upon Christ that He might be our hiding place, Protector, and Deliverer.

To the degree that we make it a habit to look to Christ for our status, security, favor, and acceptance, our penchant for self-righteousness will be mortified. By these daily, fresh acts of faith toward our Savior, we affirm that all of our eligibility before God for blessing is carried by Christ. All “future grace,” and every future installment of divine blessing and kindness have all been secured for us by our Savior’s Person and work.

Like the Publican who saw his only hope to be God’s mercy, the man who treasures his justification in Christ will define himself primarily as an object of divine compassion. This mindset has a powerful impact upon our work and service.

 

APPLICATION: Since our lower natures always tend to pull us in the direction of legal working and performance, we need a daily diet of the Gospel to remind us that our status, favor, acceptance, and security are all carried by Christ. Our labor, our fruit-bearing, and even our integrity must be to the glory of Christ, not ourselves. He must have all the credit, for we are His workmanship (Eph 2:10).

When we drift away from overflowing gratitude for our justification in Christ, we will slide imperceptibly onto the foundation of our own performance. If we keep moving in that direction, we will find ourselves burning incense to our own achievements. A legal motive will raise its specter, deepening our craving for the approbation of men. When beholden to men for the praise of our works, we will lack courage. When utterly beholden to Christ who carries our justification, we will be liberated unto the exercise of courage for the good of our neighbor.

The Clear Conscience of the Man who Abides in Christ will show itself in Courage (Acts 24:15, 16).

We cannot make a penetrating application of God’s Word to those around us unless we ourselves welcome examination by God’s Word. Courage in speaking the Word is dependent upon a clear conscience before God and men (Acts 24:15, 16). Even one sin or lust “banging around” in the conscience is enough to dull the edge of our courage. Timothy’s success in proclaiming the Word with courage depended upon his maintaining a clear conscience (1 Tim 1:5, 19; 3:9).

God’s answer to our fear and weakness is found in the mandate to abide in Christ. “But if we walk in the light as He Himself is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus His Son cleanses us from all sin” (1 John 1:7).

In order for us to exercise courage, the blood of the Son of God must be the loudest voice in our conscience. In order for God’s justice at the cross to be believed and reckoned so as to silence the Accuser, we must habitually be mortifying sin by the power of the Holy Spirit (Rom 8:12-14).

 

APPLICATION: The same man who turned coward when questioned by a servant girl preached the Pentecost sermon less than two months later. The Apostle Peter’s radical move from fear to courage, according to the book of Acts, was the result of two factors. First, he had been with Jesus. “Now as they observed the confidence of Peter and John, and understood that they were uneducated and untrained men, they were marveling, and began to recognize them as having been with Jesus” (Acts 4:13). Second, Peter was filled with the Holy Spirit. “Then Peter, filled with the Holy Spirit, said to them, ‘Rulers and elders of the people. . .’” (Acts 4:8).

In the final analysis, God is the source of our courage. We are to allow our hearts to take courage(Ps 27:14; 31:24). The ability to act in courage is a function of waiting on the Lord. Faith’s object is the goodness of the Lord and the confident expectation that He will preserve the faithful, and empower them to bear witness to the truth (Jn 15:26, 27).

Those around us need our courage in speaking the Word of God. It was a penitent King David who prayed, “Restore to me the joy of Thy salvation, and sustain me with a willing spirit. Then I will teach transgressors Thy ways, and sinners will be converted to Thee” (Ps 51:11, 12).

The next generation is depending upon our courage. They are waiting for our faithfulness. They will not put their confidence in God unless they see the faith of their fathers and hear from their dads the joy of God, the works of God, and commands of God (Ps 78:3-8).